9- Endoscopic management of acute anastomotic leakage after low colorectal anastomosis

9- Endoscopic management of acute anastomotic leakage after low colorectal anastomosis with cyanoacrylate bioglue (Glubran 2)

Title: Endoscopic management of acute anastomotic leakage after low colorectal anastomosis with cyanoacrylate bioglue (Glubran 2)

Authors:

Diego Ramos,Enrique Vázquez-Sequeiros,Pedro Abadía,Juan D. Pina,Irene Moreno,Javier Die Trill,Juan C. García Pérez,Endoscopy 2021; 53(04): E136-E137,DOI: 10.1055/a-1216-0861

PMID: 21821249 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2011.05.048

Abstract:

Although acute anastomotic leakage following low anterior resections occurs at a significant rate (up to 15% of cases), and represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality, there is no general consensus among surgeons and endoscopists on how best to treat it. In cases of high-flow peritoneal leak, surgery is the only choice; but for low-flow leaks, which lead to abscess formation, there are many different options, including minimally invasive treatment choices such as endoscopic clips (like over-thescope clips) to close the internal ostium of the fistula, stenting, or the use of tissue glues such as fibrin or cyanoacrylate sealants.
Compared with fibrin sealants, cyanoacrylate glues have the advantage of working well in wet environments and also have antibacterial properties, making them useful for contaminated sites. Generally, endoscopic debridement is needed beforehand.
Following application of the (Glubran 2), a strong foreignbody reaction sets in, promoting tissue healing, and within 10 – 15 days the (Glubran 2) clot falls off . More recent data have shown the safety and efficacy of cyanoacrylate instillation for management of gastrointestinal anastomotic leakage , although there are no controlled series with colorectal anastomosis.

All authors recommend cyanoacrylate instillation for fistulas with small openings, and advise that repeated instillations may be necessary to ensure fistula obliteration – as also happened in the case we report. It should be noted that it is undesirable to completely fill the cavity with cyanoacrylates, especially in medium-to-large abscesses or long fistula tracts, as this can lead to chronic sinus formation; the recommendation is to seal only the internal ostium of the fistula , or to perform combined obliterations using fibrin sealants to fill the cavity and fistula tract

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